himself. Rather, Paul means to say that Jesus “gave himself,” that Jesus freely offered himself in death for our sake (cf. Gal 1:4; 1 Tim 2:6; Tit 2:14). As the Gospels witness, Jesus died voluntarily, not against his will, but also not by his own hand. Jesus, the Good Shepherd, does not spare his own life but rather exposes himself to danger for our sake, to the extent of laying down his life to rescue his sheep from death (John 10:11–18). Likewise, Paul says, God did not spare the life of his own